Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are microscopic, soilborne, yield-limited pathogens of cotton that are present throughout the cotton-growing regions of the United States. This talk will present key biological concepts, provide instruction on soil sampling and diagnosing damage, and discuss integrated management tactics for root-knot nematodes in cotton. A special discussion will be provided of Meloidogyne enterolobii (guava root-knot nematode).