​​​Begomovirus-Whitefly Vector Complexes: Emerging Threats to Cotton-Vegetable Crop Biosecurity

August 2014 | 33 min., 12 sec.
by Judith K. Brown
University of Arizona

Summary

This presentation will be of interest primarily to cotton, vegetable, and ornamentals producers, consultants, plant breeders, and plant pathologists in the US and worldwide. The purpose is to alert them to the potential threat of a geographically expanding complex of emergent plant viruses from various locations in Asia, the Sahel region of Africa, and the Arabian Peninsula, transmitted by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci sibling species group. These plant viruses (genus, Begomovirus; family, Geminiviridae) can be harbored by the whitefly colonizing plants and/or be present infecting ornamental species, cuttings, and/or vegetable seedlings grown in and transported from infested/infected areas. Also, infected plants may not show symptoms of virus infection, and the virus(es) do not necessarily have to be able to infect the particular plant species if the whitefly vector can feed on the plant, it can carry a virus for its lifetime, and therefore, can be transmitted to susceptible plant species, when the viruliferous whitefly is given the opportunity to feed. This presentation discusses the characteristics and history of the emergent cotton leaf curl disease, the diversity and distribution of the many begomoviral species and strains that comprise the complex, and the origins and extent of recent spread of the predominant leaf curl virus-satellite combinations. Measures that should be taken to safeguard cotton and vegetable crops in particular, are monitoring, reporting suspicious symptoms, particularly when the whitefly vector is or has been known to be present, and continuance of efforts to develop virus-resistant varieties for deployment in high risk areas.​

About the Presenter

Judith K. BrownJudith K. Brown was born in Youngstown, Ohio, and moved at a young age to Scottsdale, Arizona, where she was raised as a “desert girl.” She received her BS from Texas A&M University, her MS from Washington State University, and her PhD from University of Arizona (1984). She was post-doctoral associate and research professor at the University of Arizona until 1999, when she joined the Plant Sciences faculty; she advanced to full professor in 2004. Brown is a world authority on whitefly-transmitted viruses and vector biotypes. She has visited, lectured, and studied emerging diseases in 63 countries and continues to carry out collaborative research in Asia, Africa, and the tropical Americas. She recognized early on that DNA-based methods would transform differentiation of vector haplotypes and viral population studies and applied them concomitantly to explore whitefly and begomovirus diversification globally, developing extensive molecular databases that are still used worldwide. Since 1990, Brown has delivered 50 invited international and 83 national/in-state presentations. She is a prolific author, writing more than 111 journal articles, 11 book chapters, 8 reviews, 20 proceedings, 38 disease reports, and over 250 abstracts, and she has received numerous rewards. Her laboratory has hosted more than 50 visiting scholars and graduate students from 14 countries. Brown is an active APS member, having served as Caribbean Division councilor (2001–2006), member and chair (2005) of the Virology Committee, member of the Emerging Pathogens and Diseases Committee (2004–present), member of the Office of International Programs (1996–1999; 2009–present), and chair of the Pathogen-Vector Interactions Committee. Brown has also been an associate editor of Phytopathology (2000–2003) and of Plant Disease (2007–2009) and a senior editor of APS PRESS.​

Contact Information:
Email: jkbrown@email.arizona.edu

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