In a recent survey of oomycetes associated with diseased soybean seedlings, a total of 84 different oomycete species were found. Phytophthora sojae was found in 8 out of 11 states, but the frequency of isolation was relatively low. In addition, Phytophthora sansomeana was found in 6 out of 11 states at low frequency. Both species have been reported as pathogens of soybean, and the importance and distribution of P. sojae is well known in the U.S. However, this is not the case for P. sansomeana which is a recently described species and has been frequently isolated from soybean fields. Therefore, diagnostic tools that could distinguish and identify both pathogens have a great value to improve diagnosis and inform disease management decisions.